Emergency Substitutions

Ingredients:

Directions:

DAIRY PRODUCTS:

(Ingredient) (Amount) (Possible Substitutions)

Buttermilk, 1 cup, 1 tbsp vinegar or lemon juice plus enough milk to make 1 cup total, or 1 cup plain yogurt

Milk, whole , 1 cup, 1/2 cup evaporated milk plus 1/2 cup water, or 1/3 cup dry milk plus 1 cup water

Eggs, large, 2 eggs, 3 small eggs

Egg (for baking) , 1, 1 tsp cornstarch plus 1/4 cup water

Egg, 1 egg, 2 egg yolks plus 1 tbsp water, or 1/4 cup egg substitute

Half and half, 1 cup, 7/8 cup milk plus 3 tbsp butter

Light cream, 1 cup, 2 tbsp butter plus enough milk to total one cup

Cream, 1 cup, 1/3 cup butter plus 3/4 cup milk

Sour Cream , 1 cup, 1 cup plain yogurt, or 7/8 cup buttermilk plus 3 tbsp butter

Yogurt, plain, equal, 1 cup sour cream

Butter (for baking), 1 cup, 1 cup hard shortening, or 7/8 cup vegetable oil

Shortening, equal , Butter or margarine

Asiago cheese, equal , Parmesan cheese

Ricotta cheese, equal, Cottage cheese

BAKING NEEDS:

(Ingredient) (Amount) (Possible Substitutions)

Flour (for thickening), 1 tbsp, 1 1/2 tsp cornstarch, rice flour, or tapioca

Self rising flour, 1 cup, 1 cup all-purpose flour plus 1 1/2 tsp baking powder and 1/2 tsp salt

Cake flour, 1 cup, 1 cup minus 2 tbsp all-purpose flour

Bisquick, 1 cup, 1 cup flour plus 1 1/2 tsp baking powder plus 1/2 tsp salt plus 3 tbsp solid shortening

Tapioca, 1 tbsp, 1 1/2 tbsp all-purpose flour

Cornstarch, 1 tbsp, 2 tbsp all-purpose flour

Sugar, 1 cup, 1 cup honey but reduce liquid in recipe by 1/2 cup

Powdered sugar, 1 cup, 1 cup sugar plus 1 cup cornstarch mixed in food processor

Light brown sugar, 1 cup, 1 cup granulated sugar plus 2 tbsp molasses

Dark brown sugar, 1 cup, 3/4 cup of granulated sugar plus 1/4 cup molasses

Palm sugar, equal, Maple sugar, or brown sugar blended with maple syrup to moisten

Honey, 1 cup, 1 1/4 cups sugar plus 1/4 cup water

Molasses, equal , 1 cup honey

Corn syrup, 1 cup, 2/3 cup sugar plus 1/3 cup hot water and cool to room temperature before using

Chocolate, semisweet, 1 oz, 1 oz unsweetened chocolate plus 1 tbsp sugar, or 3 tbsp chocolate chips

Chocolate chips, 1/2 cup, 3 oz semisweet chocolate

Chocolate, un-sweet, 1 oz, 3 tbsp unsweetened cocoa plus 1 tbsp margarine or oil

Vinegar, 1 tsp, 2 tsp lemon juice

Yeast, active dry, 1 packet, 2 1/2 tsp dry yeast ,or 1/3 cake yeast crumbled

Baking powder, 1 tsp, 1/4 tsp baking soda plus 1/2 tsp cream of tartar

Oil, 1 cup, 1/2 lb butter, or 1 cup melted shortening, or 1 cup melted margarine

Bread crumbs, 1 cup , 3/4 cup cracker crumbs

SEASONINGS AND FLAVORINGS:

(Ingredient) (Amount) (Possible Substitutions)

Herbs, fresh, 1 tbsp, 1 tsp dried herb of same type

Herbs, dried, 1 tsp, 1 tbsp of same herb fresh

Garlic, 1 clove, 1/8 tsp garlic powder or minced dried garlic

Vanilla bean, 1 inch, 1 tsp vanilla extract

Allspice, ground , 1 tsp , 1/2 tsp ground cinnamon and 1/2 tsp ground cloves

Mustard (prepared), 1 tbsp, 1 tsp dry mustard

Pumpkin pie spice, 1 tsp, 1/2 tsp ground cinnamon plus 1/4 tsp ground ginger plus 1/8 tsp ground allspice plus 1/8 tsp ground nutmeg

Italian seasoning, 3 tsp, 1 tsp oregano plus 1 tsp basil plus 1 tsp sage

Saffron, 1/8 tsp, 1/2 tsp tumeric

Onion , 1 small onion, 1 tsp onion powder, or 1 tbsp minced dried onion re-hydrated

Lemon, fresh juice, 1 medium lemon , 2-3 tbsp bottled lemon juice

Lemon juice, 1 tsp, 1/2 tsp vinegar

Lemon peel, 1 tsp, 1/2 tsp lemon extract

Lemon grass, equal, Grated lemon zest mixed with a bit of fresh lemon juice

Orange, fresh juice, 1 medium orange, 1/4 to 1/3 cup orange juice

Amaretto, 2 tbsp 1/4 to 1/2 tsp almond extract

Sherry, 2 tbsp, 1 to 2 tsp vanilla extract

Marsala, 1/4 cup, 1/4 cup dry wine plus 1 tsp brandy

White wine , equal , White grape juice or apple juice

Red wine , 1/4 cup, 1 tbsp balsamic or red wine vinegar

Tomato sauce, 2 cups, 3/4 cup tomato paste plus 1 cup water

Tomato juice, 1 cup, 1/2 cup tomato sauce plus 1/2 cup water

Tomatoes, canned, 1 cup , Simmer 1 1/3 cup fresh tomato wedges for 10 minutes

Cocktail sauce, 1 cup, 1 cup ketchup plus 2 tbsp horseradish (or to taste)

Ketchup, 1 cup, 1 cup tomato sauce plus 1/4 cup sugar plus 2 tbsp vinegar